| Note | 2024 | 2025 | |
| € million | € million | ||
| Sales | 6 | 14,179 | 12,942 |
| Cost of goods sold | (12,002) | (11,225) | |
| Gross profit | 2,177 | 1,717 | |
| Selling expenses | (1,513) | (1,455) | |
| Research and development expenses | (392) | (342) | |
| General administration expenses | (343) | (353) | |
| Other operating income1 | 7 | 228 | 267 |
| Other operating expenses2 | 8 | (70) | (181) |
| EBIT3 | 87 | (347) | |
| Equity-method loss | (4) | (17) | |
| Result from other affiliated companies | 2 | 2 | |
| Interest income | 56 | 36 | |
| Interest expense | (145) | (133) | |
| Other financial result | (23) | (33) | |
| Financial result | 10 | (114) | (145) |
| Income before income taxes | (27) | (492) | |
| Income taxes | 11 | (245) | (151) |
| Income after income taxes | (272) | (643) | |
| attributable to noncontrolling interest | (6) | 1 | |
| attributable to Covestro AG shareholders (net income) | (266) | (644) | |
| € | € | ||
| Basic /Diluted earnings per share4 | 12 | –1.41 | –3.39 |
1 Other operating income contains reversals of impairment losses amounting to €3 million (previous year: €3 million) on financial assets measured at amortized cost.
2 Other operating expenses contain impairment losses of €5 million (previous year: €10 million) on financial assets measured at amortized cost.
3 EBIT: income after income taxes plus financial result and income tax
4 Earnings per share: according to IAS 33 (Earnings per Share), net income divided by the weighted average number of outstanding no-par value voting shares of Covestro AG. The calculation for fiscal 2025 was based on 189,879,508 no-par value shares (previous year: 188,740,330). For further information, please refer to note 12 “Earnings per Share.”